Chapter 11.4

Payroll reports

Payroll reports answer two kinds of question. Some are about people: who was paid what, for how many hours. Others are about the government: what each tax built up, and the figures for each line of a return. This chapter runs them for Summit Gear Repair's first paycheck and shows how the figures tie to each other and to the books.

Level Intermediate Time about 16 minutes to read You need Chapters 11.2 and 11.3; Chapter 6.1 for reports in general Edition November 2026 (revised 6 November 2026)
Learning objectives

When you finish this chapter you will be able to:

  1. Choose the payroll report that answers a question.
  2. Read the payroll register and prove that gross less taxes is net.
  3. Use Tax liability and Employer totals to explain the taxes owed.
  4. Read the Form 941 worksheet, including its fractions-of-cents line.
  5. Read the W-2 and W-3 worksheet, and know what its full-number data sheet is for.
  6. Use Skipped taxes as a control.
SECTION 1

The reports page

Payroll → Reports has two groups. Pay covers what people were paid. Taxes covers figures for deposits and returns; three of them are marked Worksheet, not the form: they give the figures to copy onto the government's form, which is filed at the agency.

Payroll, Reports: Pay group (what people were paid): Payroll register (1 paycheck in 2026), Employee earnings, Deductions, Hours; Taxes group (figures for deposits and returns): Tax liability, Employer totals, 941 worksheet (worksheet, not the form), W-2 summary, Other worksheets (Form 940; Form OQ, Oregon withholding; Form OQ, Oregon unemployment insurance), Taxes changed by hand, Skipped taxes
Figure 1. Payroll reports. 1 Payroll register. 2 Employee earnings. 3 Deductions. 4 Hours. 5 Tax liability. 6 Employer totals. 7 the 941 worksheet. 8 the W-2 summary. 9 other worksheets. 10 taxes changed by hand. 11 skipped taxes.
QuestionReport
What did each paycheck in a stretch of time pay and withhold?Payroll register
What has one employee earned this month, quarter and year?Employee earnings
How many hours were paid, of which kind?Hours
What was taken besides taxes?Deductions
What did each tax build up, and how much was deposited?Tax liability
What did the company itself pay in taxes?Employer totals
What goes on Form 941, Form 940, the W-2s?941 worksheet, other worksheets, W-2 summary
Was any tax typed by hand or left at 0.00?Taxes changed by hand, Skipped taxes

Every report counts a paycheck on its check date, like Owed and paid. A report run for a range that ends before 11/06/2026 shows nothing for Casey; the register said so plainly when first opened, with a Show this quarter button.

PROCEDURE

What people were paid

  1. 1

    Run the payroll register for the quarter

    Open Payroll register and press This quarter. The dates become 10/01/2026 to 12/31/2026 and the report runs. Tick Show each tax in its own column to split the two tax columns.

Payroll register, this quarter 10/01/2026 to 12/31/2026, everyone, all departments: 1 paycheck in 1 pay run, counted on the check date; columns pay run, check, employee, hours, gross, federal taxes, state taxes, deductions, net, employer taxes; 11/04/2026, check 1001 dated 11/06, Lin, Casey, 81.50, 1,974.00, 304.04, 171.73, 0.00, 1,498.23, 210.23; the pay run subtotal and the total; Show each tax in its own column; PDF and Excel; the note: gross less federal taxes, state taxes and deductions is net, on every row
Figure 2. The payroll register. 1 quick ranges. 2 the dates and filters. 3 PDF and Excel. 4 Casey's paycheck. 5 federal taxes. 6 state taxes. 7 net. 8 each tax in its own column. 9 the rule every row obeys.

Proving the row. Federal taxes are 153.03 + 122.39 + 28.62 = 304.04. State taxes are 157.92 + 11.84 + 1.97 = 171.73. Then 1,974.00 − 304.04 − 171.73 − 0.00 = 1,498.23, the net on the check. The register prints this rule under the table: gross less federal taxes, state taxes and deductions is net, on every row.

  1. 2

    Employee earnings

    Open Employee earnings and press This year. Each employee gets one row with four windows side by side: the period chosen, month to date, quarter to date and year to date. The windows are cumulative statutory figures, so they are each employee's whole-company totals.

Employee earnings for this year: Casey Lin, 1 check, earnings 1,974.00, taxes 475.77, deductions 0.00, net 1,498.23 for the period, then month to date (from 12/01/2026) zeros, quarter to date and year to date the same figures; totals
Figure 3. Employee earnings for 2026. 1 This year. 2 Casey's row. 3 the period chosen. 4 year to date.
  1. 3

    Hours

    Hours lists the hours actually paid, by employee, department and kind of hour, with where they came from. Casey's are typed: 80.00 regular and 1.50 overtime. Approved hours not yet paid are on the Timekeeping Payroll Feed report instead (Chapter 12.4).

Hours report for this quarter: Casey Lin, department unassigned, source typed, regular 80.00, overtime (1.5x) 1.50, total hours 81.50, wages from hours 1,974.00; notes on where the hours come from: typed on the paycheck, imported, or filled from approved hours
Figure 4. Hours for the quarter. 1 the range. 2 Casey. 3 the source: typed. 4 regular hours. 5 overtime at 1.5 times. 6 how the sources are named.
PROCEDURE

What the taxes came to

  1. 1

    Tax liability

    Open Tax liability, choose Quarter, 2026, Q4, and press Show. Each tax appears under the deposit it belongs to, with the employee's share, the employer's share, the total and the wages it was worked on, then a line of what was accrued and deposited for the deposit.

Tax liability for Q4 2026, counted on the check date, 1 paycheck: 941 deposit group with federal income tax 153.03, Social Security 122.39 employee and 122.39 employer, total 244.78, Medicare 28.62 and 28.62, total 57.24, Additional Medicare 0.00, 941 deposit accrued 455.05 with 0.00 deposited; Oregon withholding 157.92; Oregon unemployment, Oregon unemployment insurance employer 47.38; FUTA 11.84; Oregon statewide transit tax 1.97, employee; Paid Leave Oregon 11.84, employee; all taxes: employee 475.77, employer 210.23, total 686.00, deposited 0.00
Figure 5. Tax liability for the fourth quarter. 1 the period. 2 the 941 deposit group. 3 Social Security, 122.39 from each side, 244.78 in all. 4 the 941 total, 455.05, nothing deposited yet. 5 Oregon unemployment, employer only. 6 the Oregon statewide transit tax, withheld from pay. 7 all taxes: 475.77 + 210.23 = 686.00.

The total, 686.00, is the same figure as Not yet deposited on Owed and paid and the credit to Payroll Taxes Payable in the paycheck's journal entry. Three views, one number: that is what tying out means. Each Oregon tax sits under its own deposit and carries its full name: Oregon unemployment insurance, Oregon statewide transit tax and Paid Leave Oregon.

  1. 2

    Employer totals

    Employer totals shows only the company's own taxes, for the month, the quarter and the year to a chosen day. To 11/06/2026: FUTA 11.84 + Medicare 28.62 + Oregon unemployment insurance 47.38 + Paid Leave Oregon 0.00 + Social Security 122.39 = 210.23. This is the business's payroll tax expense.

Employer totals to 11/06/2026, counted on the check date: FUTA 11.84, Medicare 28.62, Oregon unemployment insurance 47.38, Paid Leave Oregon 0.00, Social Security 122.39, all employer taxes 210.23, in the columns 11/01/2026 to 11/06/2026, quarter to 11/06/2026 and 2026 to 11/06/2026
Figure 6. Employer totals. 1 the day to count to. 2 FUTA. 3 the Paid Leave Oregon employer share, 0.00 for an employer under 25 people. 4 the year to date.
PROCEDURE

The return worksheets

  1. 1

    The Form 941 worksheet

    Open 941 worksheet, choose Form 941 and October to December 2026, and press Show. Each line carries the form's line number.

Form 941 worksheet, October to December 2026, a worksheet not the form, with the return list now naming Form OQ for Oregon: line 1 employees paid 1; line 2 wages 1,974.00; line 3 federal income tax withheld 153.03; 5a taxable Social Security wages 1,974.00 (column 2 244.78); 5c taxable Medicare wages 1,974.00 (column 2 57.25); 5d 0.00; 5e total Social Security and Medicare 302.03; line 6 455.06; line 7 adjustment for fractions of cents -0.01, the paychecks carry 302.02; line 10 total after adjustments 455.05; 13 deposits 0.00; 14 balance due 455.05; Part 2 tax liability by month: October 0.00, November 455.05
Figure 7. The Form 941 worksheet. 1 the return. 2 the quarter. 3 line 1, employees paid. 4 line 2, wages. 5 line 5a, Social Security wages and the column 2 tax. 6 line 7, fractions of cents. 7 what the paychecks carry. 8 line 14, balance due. 9 Part 2, November's liability.

Why line 7 says −0.01. The form works Social Security and Medicare out on the quarter's total wages: 1,974.00 × 12.4% = 244.78 and 1,974.00 × 2.9% = 57.246, rounded to 57.25, so line 5e is 302.03. The paychecks rounded each half separately: 28.62 + 28.62 = 57.24, so they carry 302.02. Line 7 adjusts the one-cent difference, and line 10 comes to 153.03 + 302.02 = 455.05, the amount deposited. This is normal on every 941 and is exactly what line 7 is for.

  1. 2

    The W-2 and W-3 worksheet

    Choose W-2 and W-3 and the year. The W-3 totals come first, then one row per employee with every box. Prepare W-2 data with full numbers makes a data sheet with each employee's full Social Security number for the filing; it is kept in the secure store for 24 hours, and each employee included is logged.

W-2 and W-3 worksheet for 2026: W-3 totals wages 1,974.00, federal income tax 153.03, Social Security wages 1,974.00 and tax 122.39, Medicare wages 1,974.00 and tax 28.62, state wages 1,974.00, state income tax 157.92, local wages and tax 0.00; each employee: Lin, Casey with boxes 1 to 20, box 12 TT 0.00, box 15 OR; the button Prepare W-2 data with full numbers; the note on box 12 TT, the overtime premium only, and box 12 TP
Figure 8. The W-2 and W-3 worksheet for 2026. 1 the return. 2 the W-3 totals. 3 state wages and tax. 4 Casey's row. 5 box 12 TT. 6 Prepare W-2 data with full numbers. 7 the note on box 12 TT and TP.
Caution: check box 12 TT before filing

The page says box 12 TT is the overtime premium only. Casey's 1.50 overtime hours carried a premium of 1.50 × 12.00 = 18.00, yet the worksheet shows 0.00. The cause is paycheck 1001 itself: its overtime rate was typed on the paycheck with no pay rate on file (Chapter 11.2), and the overtime line took that rate as its own base, so no premium was split out. That cause is fixed for new paychecks; one made the same way today takes the paycheck's Regular rate, 24.00, as the base and shows a premium of 18.00 in box 12 TT. Paycheck 1001 stays as it was, so an owner in this position would reclass the 18.00 to overtime premium and add it to box 12 TT at year end. Ask your accountant before the W-2s are filed.2

  1. 3

    Other worksheets

    Other worksheets lists Form 940 and the two Oregon worksheets for Form OQ, the quarterly combined return: Form OQ, Oregon withholding (compensation 1,974.00, Oregon income tax withheld 157.92) and Form OQ, Oregon unemployment insurance (taxable wages 1,974.00 × 2.4% = 47.38, with each employee's credit weeks and its own data sheet with full numbers; its last line reads The employer rate is the newest one entered for 2026: 2.4%., the rate typed on Rates we use in Chapter 11.1). Neither lists the statewide transit tax or Paid Leave Oregon; take those two figures from Tax liability.

SECTION 5

Two control reports

Taxes changed by hand lists every tax someone typed on a paycheck instead of the worked-out one, with who typed it and why. Skipped taxes lists every tax left at 0.00 because it was turned off or local taxes had not started (Chapter 11.3). For Summit Gear Repair both are empty, which is the result you want to see each quarter.

Skipped taxes for 2026, all year: No tax was left unwithheld between 01/01/2026 and 12/31/2026. Every tax on every paycheck was worked out
Figure 9. Skipped taxes for 2026. 1 the year and quarter. 2 No tax was left unwithheld between 01/01/2026 and 12/31/2026. Every tax on every paycheck was worked out.

A typed rate is not a typed tax: the 24.00 and 36.00 typed in Chapter 11.2 changed gross pay, and every tax was still worked out from it. The reason typed with the rate stays on the paycheck. Two more places complete the picture: Reconciliation compares imported history with the books, so it stays empty for books that never used another provider, and the Timesheet Tie-out (Chapter 11.2, Section 6) compares paychecks with approved timesheets.

Pro tip: a quarter-end pack

Save as PDF, in this order: the payroll register for the quarter, Tax liability, the 941 worksheet, Skipped taxes and Taxes changed by hand. Clip them to the copy of the filed return. Next year's questions are answered before they are asked.

CHECKLIST

Quarter-end payroll reports

  • [x] Payroll register: gross less taxes and deductions is net on every row.
  • [x] Tax liability total equals Not yet deposited plus deposits, and the liability account in the books.
  • [x] Employer totals agree with the payroll tax expense account.
  • [x] 941 worksheet line 10 equals the quarter's 941 deposits; any line 7 cents understood.
  • [x] Skipped taxes and Taxes changed by hand empty, or every line explained.
  • [x] Year end: W-2 worksheet checked box by box before the data sheet is made.
SECTION 6

Check your understanding

1. Why did the register first show no paychecks when opened on November 1?

Answer

Reports count a paycheck on its check date, 11/06/2026, which was after the range's end.

2. Show where 171.73 comes from.

Answer

Oregon income tax 157.92 + Paid Leave Oregon 11.84 + transit tax 1.97.

3. Name three places 686.00 appears.

Answer

Tax liability's total, Owed and paid's Not yet deposited, and the credit to Payroll Taxes Payable in journal entry 2.

4. Line 7 of the 941 worksheet shows −0.01. Is something wrong?

Answer

No. The form rounds the quarter's total; the paychecks rounded each half. Line 7 is the one-cent adjustment for that.

5. Which report is for the employer's own tax cost?

Answer

Employer totals: 210.23 for Casey's paycheck.

Notes

  1. The pictures come from Summit Gear Repair, the practice books where the first paycheck was made. All names and figures are made up; nothing here is tax or legal advice. ↑
  2. Box 12 TT reports qualified overtime compensation; whether and how it applies is a question for your accountant. ↑

Volume 11: Payroll

  1. 11.1Setting up payroll
  2. 11.2Running payroll
  3. 11.3Payroll taxes
  4. 11.4Payroll reports

All volumes and chapters